Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and the seven state and territory leaders agreed to the age restriction in a national cabinet meeting on Friday.

Tasmania pushed for a lower limit of 14 years but agreed to go along with the rest of the nation for the sake of uniformity.

“Social media is doing social harm to our young Australians and I am calling time on it,” Albanese told reporters after the meeting.

The prime minister likened the move to “successful” bans on mobile phones in schools by the states and territories.

“Kids are playing with each other at lunchtime, instead of playing on their phones. That’s a good thing,” he said.

The Government will introduce the legislation to parliament next sitting week and, with the coalition having previously flagged support, could see it passed before the year is out.

The ban will come into effect 12 months later to give the industry, governments and the eSafety Commissioner time to implement it effectively.

A trial of age verification and assurance technologies is currently under way and due to be completed in the first half of 2025.

The point of the legislation is to protect young people so it will also have strong privacy provisions, Communications Minister Michelle Rowland said.

“I want to make it very clear to the Australian people that the utmost support needs to be given to young people through the implementation of these measures,” she said.

Tech giants are wary of a social media age limit, saying it shouldn’t be up to them to enforce the rules but rather app stores to ensure safety across the board.

Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, argues against putting the onus on social media companies to enforce the proposed age limit, saying the technology for a perfect solution “isn’t quite there yet”.

Parents and young people would carry the burden if each app needed to implement its own age controls, Meta’s Australia and New Zealand policy director Mia Garlick said.

“We completely agree that there needs to be age-appropriate experiences for young people on services like the ones we provide,” she told ABC Radio on Friday.

“The challenge is, the technology isn’t quite there yet in terms of having a perfect solution.”

App stores putting in place controls meant that information could be extrapolated, Garlick said.

“When you get a new phone or a new device, you do spend a bit of time sitting down as a family, setting it all up,” she said.

“Age information is collected at that time and so there is a really simple solution there, that at that one point in time ... verification can occur.”

Garlick defended accusations the tech giant was trying to pass the buck and protect profits, saying Meta already implemented safety controls such as asking people their age at sign-up and using artificial intelligence to detect if their age appears different.

“We remove people who are under the relevant age and then we also age-gate certain types of content that might not be suitable,” she said.

Garlick pointed to an Instagram initiative that automatically puts young people on an age-appropriate account that has some limitations.

Meta wouldn’t fight and run a campaign against the laws if they passed parliament, she said.

Social media is a driver of risky behaviour for children and has led to deaths after attempts to copy viral challenges, researcher Samuel Cornell said.

“I don’t think it’s a perfect solution, but harm is being caused to children and young people,” he said of the proposed age limit.

Platforms play a critical role in young people engaging with education, potential employers, health services and personal networks of people with shared interests, RMIT information sciences professor Lisa Given said.

“They may be grappling with many different issues in their lives, without access to appropriate supports at home or in their communities,” she said.

Social media companies need to be held accountable for their services, cabinet minister Bill Shorten argued, as he flagged further work in the field including a duty of care.

“We don’t ask civilians and car users to bring their own seat belt to a car, so why should social media companies buck pass their own duty of care?” Shorten said.

But there are concerns a social media ban would likely give parents a false sense of security while excluding young people from critical information.

Platforms play a critical role in young people engaging with education, potential employers, health services and personal networks of people with shared interests, RMIT Professor of Information Sciences Lisa Given said.

“They may be grappling with many different issues in their lives, without access to appropriate supports at home or in their communities,” she said.

Rowland said exemptions could be made for educational and health platforms, such as YouTube Kids.

AAP

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